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Compare Solomon Islands (2005) - Austria (2001)

Compare Solomon Islands (2005) z Austria (2001)

 Solomon Islands (2005)Austria (2001)
 Solomon IslandsAustria
Administrative divisions 9 provinces and 1 capital territory*; Central, Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira, Malaita, Rennell and Bellona, Temotu, Western 9 states (bundeslaender, singular - bundesland); Burgenland, Kaernten, Niederoesterreich, Oberoesterreich, Salzburg, Steiermark, Tirol, Vorarlberg, Wien
Age structure 0-14 years: 41.9% (male 114,860/female 110,404)


15-64 years: 54.9% (male 149,400/female 145,970)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 8,371/female 9,027) (2005 est.)
0-14 years:
16.57% (male 691,925; female 658,375)

15-64 years:
68.05% (male 2,802,019; female 2,744,536)

65 years and over:
15.38% (male 478,498; female 775,482) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products cocoa beans, coconuts, palm kernels, rice, potatoes, vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs; timber; fish grains, potatoes, sugar beets, wine, fruit; dairy products, cattle, pigs, poultry; lumber
Airports 33 (2004 est.) 55 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
24

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
5

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
14 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 31


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 9


under 914 m: 21 (2004 est.)
total:
31

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
27 (2000 est.)
Area total: 28,450 sq km


land: 27,540 sq km


water: 910 sq km
total:
83,858 sq km

land:
82,738 sq km

water:
1,120 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland slightly smaller than Maine
Background The UK established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in the 1890s. Some of the bitterest fighting of World War II occurred on these islands. Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society. In June 2003, Prime Minister Sir Allen KEMAKEZA sought the assistance of Australia in reestablishing law and order; the following month, an Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias. The Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) has been very effective in restoring law and order and rebuilding government institutions. Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies, Austria's 1955 State Treaty declared the country "permanently neutral" as a condition of Soviet military withdrawal. Neutrality, once ingrained as part of the Austrian cultural identity, has been called into question since the Soviet collapse of 1991 and Austria's increasingly prominent role in European affairs. A prosperous country, Austria joined the European Union in 1995 and the euro monetary system in 1999.
Birth rate 30.74 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $49.7 million


expenditures: $75.1 million, including capital expenditures of $0 (2003)
revenues:
$56.3 billion

expenditures:
$60.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Honiara Vienna
Climate tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and weather temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain in lowlands and snow in mountains; cool summers with occasional showers
Coastline 5,313 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 7 July 1978 1920; revised 1929 (reinstated 1 May 1945)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Solomon Islands


former: British Solomon Islands
conventional long form:
Republic of Austria

conventional short form:
Austria

local long form:
Republik Oesterreich

local short form:
Oesterreich
Currency - Austrian schilling (ATS); euro (EUR)

note:
on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Austria at a fixed rate of 13.7603 Austrian shillings per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Death rate 3.98 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.8 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $180.4 million (2002) $16 billion (1999)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Solomon Islands (embassy closed July 1993); the ambassador to Papua New Guinea is accredited to the Solomon Islands chief of mission:
Ambassador Kathryn Walt HALL

embassy:
Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1091, Vienna

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[43] (1) 313-39-2060

FAX:
[43] (1) 313-39-2057
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Collin David BECK


chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400L, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 599-6192, 6193


FAX: [1] (212) 661-8925
chief of mission:
Ambassador Peter MOSER

chancery:
3524 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008-3035

telephone:
[1] (202) 895-6700

FAX:
[1] (202) 895-6750

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York
Disputes - international Australian Defense Force leads the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) at the invitation of the Solomon Islands' Government to maintain civil and political order and reinforce regional security minor disputes with Czech Republic and Slovenia over nuclear power plants and post-World War II treatment of German-speaking minorities
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $472 million (1999)
Economic aid - recipient $28 million annually, mainly from Australia (2003 est.) -
Economy - overview The bulk of the population depends on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of their livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. Prior to the arrival of the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI), severe ethnic violence, the closing of key businesses, and an empty government treasury culminated in economic collapse. RAMSI has enabled a return to law and order, a new period of economic stability, and modest growth as the economy rebuilds. Austria with its well-developed market economy and high standard of living is closely tied to other EU economies, especially Germany's. Membership in the EU has drawn an influx of foreign investors attracted by Austria's access to the single European market and proximity to EU aspirant economies. In 2000, Austria moved to further cut government spending and raise taxes to meet EMU deficit targets after facing unexpected difficulties in reducing the public deficit. To meet increased competition from both EU and Central European countries, Austria will need to emphasize knowledge-based sectors of the economy and continue to deregulate the service sector. Growth is expected to remain at about 3% in 2001.
Electricity - consumption 29.76 million kWh (2002) 53.231 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 13.507 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) 11.605 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 32 million kWh (2002) 59.283 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
29.53%

hydro:
67.65%

nuclear:
0%

other:
2.82% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Makarakomburu 2,447 m
lowest point:
Neusiedler See 115 m

highest point:
Grossglockner 3,798 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; soil erosion; many of the surrounding coral reefs are dead or dying some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution; soil pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals; air pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power stations and industrial plants and from trucks transiting Austria between northern and southern Europe
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Melanesian 94.5%, Polynesian 3%, Micronesian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 0.2% (1999 census) German 98%, Croatian, Slovene, other (includes Hungarians, Czechs, Slovaks, Roma)
Exchange rates Solomon Islands dollars per US dollar - 7.4847 (2004), 7.5059 (2003), 6.7488 (2002), 5.278 (2001), 5.0889 (2000) euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); Austrian schillings per US dollar - 11.86 (January 1999), 12.91 (1999), 12.379 (1998), 12.204 (1997), 10.587 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Nathaniel WAENA (since 7 July 2004)


head of government: Prime Minister Sir Allan KEMAKEZA (since 17 December 2001); Deputy Prime Minister Snyder RINI (since 17 December 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet consists of 20 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among the members of Parliament


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of Parliament for up to five years; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among the members of Parliament
chief of state:
President Thomas KLESTIL (since 8 July 1992)

head of government:
Chancellor Wolfgang SCHUESSEL (OeVP)(since 4 February 2000); Vice Chancellor Susanne RIESS-PASSER (FPOe) (since 4 February 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor

elections:
president elected by direct popular vote for a six-year term; presidential election last held 19 April 1998 (next to be held in the spring of 2004); chancellor traditionally chosen by the president from the plurality party in the National Council; in the case of the current coalition, the chancellor was chosen from another party after the plurality party failed to form a government; vice chancellor chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor

election results:
Thomas KLESTIL reelected president; percent of vote - Thomas KLESTIL 63%, Gertraud KNOLL 14%, Heide SCHMIDT 11%, Richard LUGNER 10%, Karl NOWAK 2%

note:
government coalition - OeVP and FPOe
Exports NA $63.2 billion (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities timber, fish, copra, palm oil, cocoa machinery and equipment, paper and paperboard, metal goods, chemicals, iron and steel; textiles, foodstuffs
Exports - partners China 27.8%, South Korea 17.1%, Thailand 15.7%, Japan 9.7%, Philippines 4.8% (2004) EU 64.2% (Germany 35.7%, Italy 8.7%, France 4.5%), Switzerland 5.9%, US 4.5%, Hungary 3.9% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description divided diagonally by a thin yellow stripe from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is blue with five white five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern; the lower triangle is green three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red
GDP - purchasing power parity - $203 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 42%


industry: 11%


services: 47% (2000 est.)
agriculture:
2.2%

industry:
30.4%

services:
67.4% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.8% (2003 est.) 3.1% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 00 S, 159 00 E 47 20 N, 13 20 E
Geography - note strategic location on sea routes between the South Pacific Ocean, the Solomon Sea, and the Coral Sea landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere
Government - note June 2003 Prime Minister Sir Allan KEMAKEZA sought the intervention of Australia to aid in restoring order; parliament approved the request for intervention in July 2003; troops from Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and Tonga arrived 24 July 2003. By the end of 2004 the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) had been scaled back to 302 police officers and 120 military in addition to civilian technical advisors. -
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 1,360 km


paved: 34 km


unpaved: 1,326 km (1999 est.)
total:
133,361 km

paved:
133,361 km (including 1,613 km of expressways)

unpaved:
0 km (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
-
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for Western Europe
Imports NA $65.6 billion (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities food, plant and equipment, manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals machinery and equipment, chemicals, metal goods, oil and oil products; foodstuffs
Imports - partners Australia 24.6%, Singapore 23.1%, New Zealand 7.7%, Fiji 4.8%, Papua New Guinea 4.7% (2004) EU 70.3% (Germany 42.5%, Italy 7.9%, France 5.3%), US 5.4%, Switzerland 3.0%, Hungary 2.8% (1999)
Independence 7 July 1978 (from UK) 1156 (from Bavaria)
Industrial production growth rate NA 4.2% (2000)
Industries fish (tuna), mining, timber construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, chemicals, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard, communications equipment, tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 21.29 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 24.27 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 18.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
4.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 10% (2003 est.) 2% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WEU (observer), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 37 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 457 sq km (1995 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court or Verfassungsgerichtshof
Labor force 26,840 (1999) 3.7 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%, industry 5%, services 20% (2000 est.) services 68%, industry and crafts 29%, agriculture and forestry 3% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,562 km

border countries:
Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary 366 km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 35 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 330 km, Switzerland 164 km
Land use arable land: 0.64%


permanent crops: 2%


other: 97.36% (2001)
arable land:
17%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
23%

forests and woodland:
39%

other:
20% (1996 est.)
Languages Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca; English is official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population


note: 120 indigenous languages
German
Legal system English common law, which is widely disregarded civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative acts by the Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Parliament (50 seats; members elected from single-member constituencies by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 5 December 2001 (next to be held not later than December 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 40%, SIACC 40%, PPP 20%; seats by party - PAP 16, SIACC 13, PPP 2, SILP 1, independents 18
bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung consists of Federal Council or Bundesrat (64 members; members represent each of the states on the basis of population, but with each state having at least three representatives; members serve a four- or six-year term) and the National Council or Nationalrat (183 seats; members elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
National Council - last held 3 October 1999 (next to be held in the fall of 2003)

election results:
National Council - percent of vote by party - SPOe 33.2%, OeVP 26.9%, FPOe 26.9%, Greens 7.4%; seats by party - SPOe 65, OeVP 52, FPOe 52, Greens 14
Life expectancy at birth total population: 72.66 years


male: 70.16 years


female: 75.28 years (2005 est.)
total population:
77.84 years

male:
74.68 years

female:
81.15 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Papua New Guinea Central Europe, north of Italy and Slovenia
Map references Oceania Europe
Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic baselines


territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine - total:
23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 86,905 GRT/117,417 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 1, cargo 18, combination bulk 2, container 2 (2000 est.)
Military branches no regular military forces; Royal Solomon Islands Police (RSIP) Army (includes Flying Division)
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA $1.7 billion (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA 1.2% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
2,091,263 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
1,731,383 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 19 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
50,580 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 7 July (1978) National Day, 26 October (1955); note - commemorates the passage of the law on permanent neutrality
Nationality noun: Solomon Islander(s)


adjective: Solomon Islander
noun:
Austrian(s)

adjective:
Austrian
Natural hazards typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earth tremors; volcanic activity NA
Natural resources fish, forests, gold, bauxite, phosphates, lead, zinc, nickel iron ore, oil, timber, magnesite, lead, coal, lignite, copper, hydropower
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 2.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 777 km; natural gas 840 km (1999)
Political parties and leaders Association of Independents [Snyder RINI]; People's Alliance Party or PAP [Allan KEMAKEZA]; People's Progressive Party or PPP [Mannaseh Damukana SOGAVARE]; Solomon Islands Alliance for Change Coalition or SIACC [Bartholomew ULUFA'ALU]; Solomon Islands Labor Party or SILP [Joses TUHANUKU]


note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid coalitions
Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Wolfgang SCHUESSEL]; Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Susanne RIESS-PASSER]; Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Alfred GUSENBAUER]; The Greens Alternative or GA [Alexander VAN DER BELLEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily Socialist) or OeGB; Federal Economic Chamber; OeVP-oriented League of Austrian Industrialists or VOeI; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action; three composite leagues of the Austrian People's Party or OeVP representing business, labor, and farmers
Population 538,032 (July 2005 est.) 8,150,835 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 2.68% (2005 est.) 0.24% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Honiara, Malloco Bay, Shortland Harbor, Viru Harbor, Yandina Linz, Vienna, Enns, Krems
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2004) AM 1, FM 61 (plus several hundred repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios - 6.08 million (1997)
Railways - total:
6,095.2 km (3,643.3 km electrified)

standard gauge:
5,564.2 km 1.435-m gauge (3,521.2 km electrified)

narrow gauge:
497.1 km (33.9 km 1.000-m gauge - 28.1 km electrified, 497.1 km 0.760-m gauge - 94 km electrified) (2001)
Religions Church of Melanesia 32.8%, Roman Catholic 19%, South Seas Evangelical 17%, Seventh-Day Adventist 11.2%, United Church 10.3%, Christian Fellowship Church 2.4%, other Christian 4.4%, other 2.4%, unspecified 0.3%, none 0.2% (1999 census) Roman Catholic 78%, Protestant 5%, Muslim and other 17%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.62 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal 19 years of age; universal; compulsory for presidential elections
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 677; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment:
highly developed and efficient

domestic:
there are 48 main lines for every 100 persons and the system is nearly 100% digital; the fiber optic net is very extensive; all telephone applications and Internet services are available

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 2 Eutelsat (1999)
Telephones - main lines in use 6,600 (2002) 4 million (3,600,000 analog main lines plus 400,000 ISDN or Integrated Services Digital Network connections) (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,000 (2002) 4.5 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations - 45 (plus 960 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping
Total fertility rate 4.04 children born/woman (2005 est.) 1.39 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 5.4% (2000 est.)
Waterways - 358 km (1999)
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